[Dec-2024] The ECCouncil 312-50v12 Exam Test For Brief Preparation
Revolutionary Guide To Exam ECCouncil Dumps
ECCouncil 312-50v12 (Certified Ethical Hacker) exam is a sought-after certification for professionals interested in pursuing a career in the field of information security. Certified Ethical Hacker Exam certification is globally recognized and proves the competency of an individual in identifying vulnerabilities and protecting against cyber attacks. 312-50v12 exam is designed for individuals who are interested in learning ethical hacking and penetration testing techniques, and implementing them to keep businesses secure from potential threats.
NEW QUESTION # 76
A DDOS attack is performed at layer 7 to take down web infrastructure. Partial HTTP requests are sent to the web infrastructure or applications. Upon receiving a partial request, the target servers opens multiple connections and keeps waiting for the requests to complete.
Which attack is being described here?
- A. Phlashing
- B. Slowloris attack
- C. Desynchronization
- D. Session splicing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Developed by Robert "RSnake" Hansen, Slowloris is DDoS attack software that permits one computer to require down an internet server. Due the straightforward yet elegant nature of this attack, it requires minimal bandwidth to implement and affects the target server's web server only, with almost no side effects on other services and ports. Slowloris has proven highly-effective against many popular sorts of web server software, including Apache 1.x and 2.x. Over the years, Slowloris has been credited with variety of high-profile server takedowns. Notably, it had been used extensively by Iranian 'hackivists' following the 2009 Iranian presidential election to attack Iranian government internet sites . Slowloris works by opening multiple connections to the targeted web server and keeping them open as long as possible. It does this by continuously sending partial HTTP requests, none of which are ever completed. The attacked servers open more and connections open, expecting each of the attack requests to be completed. Periodically, the Slowloris sends subsequent HTTP headers for every request, but never actually completes the request. Ultimately, the targeted server's maximum concurrent connection pool is filled, and extra (legitimate) connection attempts are denied. By sending partial, as against malformed, packets, Slowloris can easily elapse traditional Intrusion Detection systems. Named after a kind of slow-moving Asian primate, Slowloris really does win the race by moving slowly and steadily. A Slowloris attack must await sockets to be released by legitimate requests before consuming them one by one. For a high-volume internet site , this will take a while . the method are often further slowed if legitimate sessions are reinitiated. But within the end, if the attack is unmitigated, Slowloris-like the tortoise-wins the race. If undetected or unmitigated, Slowloris attacks also can last for long periods of your time . When attacked sockets outing , Slowloris simply reinitiates the connections, continuing to reach the online server until mitigated. Designed for stealth also as efficacy, Slowloris are often modified to send different host headers within the event that a virtual host is targeted, and logs are stored separately for every virtual host. More importantly, within the course of an attack, Slowloris are often set to suppress log file creation. this suggests the attack can catch unmonitored servers off-guard, with none red flags appearing in log file entries. Methods of mitigation Imperva's security services are enabled by reverse proxy technology, used for inspection of all incoming requests on their thanks to the clients' servers. Imperva's secured proxy won't forward any partial connection requests-rendering all Slowloris DDoS attack attempts completely and utterly useless.
NEW QUESTION # 77
Johnson, an attacker, performed online research for the contact details of reputed cybersecurity firms. He found the contact number of sibertech.org and dialed the number, claiming himself to represent a technical support team from a vendor. He warned that a specific server is about to be compromised and requested sibertech.org to follow the provided instructions. Consequently, he prompted the victim to execute unusual commands and install malicious files, which were then used to collect and pass critical Information to Johnson's machine. What is the social engineering technique Steve employed in the above scenario?
- A. Quid pro quo
- B. Phishing
- C. Diversion theft
- D. Elicitation
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://www.eccouncil.org/what-is-social-engineering/
This Social Engineering scam involves an exchange of information that can benefit both the victim and the trickster. Scammers would make the prey believe that a fair exchange will be present between both sides, but in reality, only the fraudster stands to benefit, leaving the victim hanging on to nothing. An example of a Quid Pro Quo is a scammer pretending to be an IT support technician. The con artist asks for the login credentials of the company's computer saying that the company is going to receive technical support in return. Once the victim has provided the credentials, the scammer now has control over the company's computer and may possibly load malware or steal personal information that can be a motive to commit identity theft.
"A quid pro quo attack (aka something for something" attack) is a variant of baiting. Instead of baiting a target with the promise of a good, a quid pro quo attack promises a service or a benefit based on the execution of a specific action." https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/common-social-engineering-attacks/#:~:text=A%20quid%20pro%20quo%20attack,execution%20of%20a%20specific%20action.
NEW QUESTION # 78
During a red team engagement, an ethical hacker is tasked with testing the security measures of an organization's wireless network. The hacker needs to select an appropriate tool to carry out a session hijacking attack. Which of the following tools should the hacker use to effectively perform session hijacking and subsequent security analysis, given that the target wireless network has the Wi-Fi Protected Access-preshared key (WPA-PSK) security protocol in place?
- A. Droidsheep
- B. FaceNiff
- C. bettercap
- D. Hetty
Answer: C
Explanation:
bettercap is a tool that can perform session hijacking attacks on wireless networks, among other network security and penetration testing tasks. bettercap can capture and manipulate network traffic, perform man-in-the-middle attacks, spoof and sniff protocols, inject custom payloads, and more1.
bettercap can perform session hijacking attacks on wireless networks that use the WPA-PSK security protocol by exploiting the four-way handshake process that occurs when a client connects to a wireless access point.
The four-way handshake is used to establish a shared encryption key between the client and the access point, based on the pre-shared key (PSK) that is configured on both devices. However, the four-way handshake also exposes some information that can be used to crack the PSK offline, such as the nonce values, the MAC addresses, and the message integrity code (MIC) of the packets2.
bettercap can capture the four-way handshake packets using its Wi-Fi module and save them in a file. The file can then be fed to a tool like Hashcat or Aircrack-ng to crack the PSK using brute force or dictionary attacks. Once the PSK is obtained, bettercap can use it to decrypt the wireless traffic and perform session hijacking attacks on the clients connected to the access point3.
Therefore, bettercap is an appropriate tool to carry out a session hijacking attack on a wireless network that uses the WPA-PSK security protocol.
References:
* bettercap: the Swiss Army knife for 802.11, BLE and Ethernet networks reconnaissance and MITM attacks
* How the WPA2 Enterprise Wireless Security Protocol Works
* Cracking WPA/WPA2 Passwords with Bettercap and Hashcat
NEW QUESTION # 79
Hackers often raise the trust level of a phishing message by modeling the email to look similar to the internal email used by the target company. This includes using logos, formatting, and names of the target company. The phishing message will often use the name of the company CEO, President, or Managers. The time a hacker spends performing research to locate this information about a company is known as?
- A. Reconnaissance
- B. Investigation
- C. Enumeration
- D. Exploration
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 80
Taylor, a security professional, uses a tool to monitor her company's website, analyze the website's traffic, and track the geographical location of the users visiting the company's website. Which of the following tools did Taylor employ in the above scenario?
- A. web-Stat
- B. WAFW00F
- C. Webroot
- D. WebSite Watcher
Answer: A
Explanation:
Increase your web site's performance and grow! Add Web-Stat to your site (it's free!) and watch individuals act together with your pages in real time.
Learn how individuals realize your web site. Get details concerning every visitor's path through your web site and track pages that flip browsers into consumers.
One-click install. observe locations, in operation systems, browsers and screen sizes and obtain alerts for new guests and conversions
NEW QUESTION # 81
You have compromised a server and successfully gained a root access. You want to pivot and pass traffic undetected over the network and evade any possible Intrusion Detection System. What is the best approach?
- A. Install and use Telnet to encrypt all outgoing traffic from this server.
- B. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
- C. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed vis a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion Detection Systems.
- D. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://linuxsecurityblog.com/2018/12/23/create-a-backdoor-with-cryptcat/ Cryptcat enables us to communicate between two systems and encrypts the communication between them with twofish, one of many excellent encryption algorithms from Bruce Schneier et al. Twofish's encryption is on par with AES encryption, making it nearly bulletproof. In this way, the IDS can't detect the malicious behavior taking place even when its traveling across normal HTTP ports like 80 and 443.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Suppose that you test an application for the SQL injection vulnerability. You know that the backend database is based on Microsoft SQL Server. In the login/password form, you enter the following credentials:
Username: attack' or 1=1 -
Password: 123456
Based on the above credentials, which of the following SQL commands are you expecting to be executed by the server, if there is indeed an SQL injection vulnerability?
- A. select * from Users where UserName = 'attack' or 1=1 -- and UserPassword = '123456'
- B. select * from Users where UserName = 'attack or 1=1 -- and UserPassword = '123456'
- C. select * from Users where UserName = 'attack' or 1=1 --' and UserPassword = '123456'
- D. select * from Users where UserName = 'attack' ' or 1=1 -- and UserPassword = '123456'
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 83
This form of encryption algorithm is asymmetric key block cipher that is characterized by a 128-bit block size, and its key size can be up to 256 bits. Which among the following is this encryption algorithm?
- A. HMAC encryption algorithm
- B. Twofish encryption algorithm
- C. Blowfish encryption algorithm
- D. IDEA
Answer: B
Explanation:
Twofish is an encryption algorithm designed by Bruce Schneier. It's a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits, with keys up to 256 bits. it's associated with AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and an earlier block cipher called Blowfish. Twofish was actually a finalist to become the industry standard for encryption, but was ultimately beaten out by the present AES. Twofish has some distinctive features that set it aside from most other cryptographic protocols. For one, it uses pre-computed, key-dependent S-boxes. An S-box (substitution-box) may be a basic component of any symmetric key algorithm which performs substitution. within the context of Twofish's block cipher, the S-box works to obscure the connection of the key to the ciphertext. Twofish uses a pre-computed, key-dependent S-box which suggests that the S-box is already provided, but depends on the cipher key to decrypt the knowledge .
How Secure is Twofish?
Twofish is seen as a really secure option as far as encryption protocols go. one among the s that it wasn't selected because the advanced encryption standard is thanks to its slower speed. Any encryption standard that uses a 128-bit or higher key, is theoretically safe from brute force attacks. Twofish is during this category. Because Twofish uses "pre-computed key-dependent S-boxes", it are often susceptible to side channel attacks. this is often thanks to the tables being pre-computed. However, making these tables key-dependent helps mitigate that risk. There are a couple of attacks on Twofish, but consistent with its creator, Bruce Schneier, it didn't constitute a real cryptanalysis. These attacks didn't constitue a practical break within the cipher.
Products That Use Twofish
GnuPG: GnuPG may be a complete and free implementation of the OpenPGP standard as defined by RFC4880 (also referred to as PGP). GnuPG allows you to encrypt and sign your data and communications; it features a flexible key management system, along side access modules for all types of public key directories. KeePass: KeePass may be a password management tool that generates passwords with top-notch security. It's a free, open source, lightweight and easy-to-use password manager with many extensions and plugins. Password Safe: Password Safe uses one master password to stay all of your passwords protected, almost like the functionality of most of the password managers on this list. It allows you to store all of your passwords during a single password database, or multiple databases for various purposes. Creating a database is straightforward , just create the database, set your master password. PGP (Pretty Good Privacy): PGP is employed mostly for email encryption, it encrypts the content of the e-mail . However, Pretty Good Privacy doesn't encrypt the topic and sender of the e-mail , so make certain to never put sensitive information in these fields when using PGP. TrueCrypt: TrueCrypt may be a software program that encrypts and protects files on your devices. With TrueCrypt the encryption is transparent to the user and is completed locally at the user's computer. this suggests you'll store a TrueCrypt file on a server and TrueCrypt will encrypt that file before it's sent over the network.
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which iOS jailbreaking technique patches the kernel during the device boot so that it becomes jailbroken after each successive reboot?
- A. Tethered jailbreaking
- B. Semi-tethered jailbreaking
- C. Semi-Untethered jailbreaking
- D. Untethered jailbreaking
Answer: D
Explanation:
An untethered jailbreak is one that allows a telephone to finish a boot cycle when being pwned with none interruption to jailbreak-oriented practicality.
Untethered jailbreaks area unit the foremost sought-after of all, however they're additionally the foremost difficult to attain due to the powerful exploits and organic process talent they need. associate unbound jailbreak is sent over a physical USB cable association to a laptop or directly on the device itself by approach of associate application-based exploit, like a web site in campaign.
Upon running associate unbound jailbreak, you'll be able to flip your pwned telephone off and on once more while not running the jailbreak tool once more. all of your jailbreak tweaks and apps would then continue in operation with none user intervention necessary.
It's been an extended time since IOS has gotten the unbound jailbreak treatment. the foremost recent example was the computer-based Pangu break, that supported most handsets that ran IOS nine.1. We've additionally witnessed associate unbound jailbreak within the kind of JailbreakMe, that allowed users to pwn their handsets directly from the mobile campaign applications programme while not a laptop.
NEW QUESTION # 85
You are tasked to configure the DHCP server to lease the last 100 usable IP addresses in subnet to. 1.4.0/23.
Which of the following IP addresses could be teased as a result of the new configuration?
- A. 10.1.4.156
- B. 10.1.4.254
- C. 10..1.5.200
- D. 210.1.55.200
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 86
ping-* 6 192.168.0.101
Output:
Pinging 192.168.0.101 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101:
Ping statistics for 192.168.0101
Packets: Sent = 6, Received = 6, Lost = 0 (0% loss).
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
What does the option * indicate?
- A. t
- B. n
- C. s
- D. a
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 87
Annie, a cloud security engineer, uses the Docker architecture to employ a client/server model in the application she is working on. She utilizes a component that can process API requests and handle various Docker objects, such as containers, volumes. Images, and networks. What is the component of the Docker architecture used by Annie in the above scenario?
- A. Docker registries
- B. Docker client
- C. Docker daemon
- D. Docker objects
Answer: C
Explanation:
Docker uses a client-server design. The docker client talks to the docker daemon, that will the work of building, running, and distributing your docker containers. The docker client and daemon will run on the same system, otherwise you will connect a docker consumer to a remote docker daemon. The docker consumer and daemon communicate using a REST API, over OS sockets or a network interface.
The docker daemon (dockerd) listens for docker API requests and manages docker objects like pictures, containers, networks, and volumes. A daemon may communicate with other daemons to manage docker services.
NEW QUESTION # 88
Joel, a professional hacker, targeted a company and identified the types of websites frequently visited by its employees. Using this information, he searched for possible loopholes in these websites and injected a malicious script that can redirect users from the web page and download malware onto a victim's machine.
Joel waits for the victim to access the infected web application so as to compromise the victim's machine.
Which of the following techniques is used by Joel in the above scenario?
- A. DNS rebinding attack
- B. MarioNet attack
- C. Watering hole attack
- D. Clickjacking attack
Answer: C
Explanation:
Web Application Threats - Watering Hole Attack In a watering hole attack, the attacker identifies the kinds of websites a target company/individual frequently surfs and tests those particular websites to identify any possible vulnerabilities. Attacker injects malicious script/code into the web application that can redirect the webpage and download malware onto the victim machine. (P.1797/1781)
NEW QUESTION # 89
Sophia is a shopping enthusiast who spends significant time searching for trendy outfits online. Clark, an attacker, noticed her activities several times and sent a fake email containing a deceptive page link to her social media page displaying all-new and trendy outfits. In excitement, Sophia clicked on the malicious link and logged in to that page using her valid credentials. Which of the following tools is employed by Clark to create the spoofed email?
- A. Slowloris
- B. Evilginx
- C. PLCinject
- D. PyLoris
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 90
Being a Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH), a company has brought you on board to evaluate the safety measures in place for their network system. The company uses a network time protocol server in the demilitarized zone.
During your enumeration, you decide to run a ntptrace command. Given the syntax: ntptrace [-n] [-m maxhosts] [servername/IP_address], which command usage would best serve your objective to find where the NTP server obtains the time from and to trace the list of NTP servers connected to the network?
- A. ntptrace -n -m 5 192.168.1.1
- B. ntptrace -n localhost
- C. ntptrace -m 5 192.168.1.1
- D. tptrace 192.1681.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The command usage that would best serve your objective to find where the NTP server obtains the time from and to trace the list of NTP servers connected to the network is ntptrace -n -m 5 192.168.1.1. This command usage works as follows:
* ntptrace is a tool that determines where a given NTP server gets its time from, and follows the chain of NTP servers back to their master time source. For example, a stratum 0 server, which is a device that directly obtains the time from a physical source, such as an atomic clock or a GPS receiver1.
* -n is a flag that outputs host IP addresses instead of host names. This can be useful if the host names are not resolvable or if the IP addresses are more informative1.
* -m 5 is a flag that specifies the maximum number of hosts to be traced. This can be useful to limit the output and avoid tracing irrelevant or unreachable hosts1.
* 192.168.1.1 is the IP address of the NTP server in the demilitarized zone, which is the starting point of the trace. This can be useful to find out the source and the path of the time synchronization for the network system1.
By using this command usage, the output will show the IP addresses, the stratum, the offset, the sync distance, and the reference ID of each NTP server in the chain, up to five hosts. This can provide valuable information about the accuracy, the reliability, and the security of the time service for the network system1.
The other options are not as suitable as option D for the following reasons:
* A. ntptrace -m 5 192.168.1.1: This option is similar to option D, but it does not use the -n flag, which means that it will output host names instead of IP addresses. This can be less useful if the host names are not resolvable or if the IP addresses are more informative1.
* B. tptrace 192.1681.: This option is incorrect because it uses a wrong tool name and a wrong IP address.
tptrace is not a valid tool name, and 192.1681. is not a valid IP address. The correct tool name is ntptrace, and the correct IP address is 192.168.1.11.
* C. ntptrace -n localhost: This option is not effective because it uses localhost as the starting point of the trace, which means that it will only show the local host's time source. This can be useful to check the local host's time configuration, but it does not help to find out the time source and the trace of the NTP server in the demilitarized zone, which is the objective of this scenario1.
References:
* 1: ntptrace - trace a chain of NTP servers back to the primary source
NEW QUESTION # 91
What piece of hardware on a computer's motherboard generates encryption keys and only releases a part of the key so that decrypting a disk on a new piece of hardware is not possible?
- A. TPM
- B. CPU
- C. UEFI
- D. GPU
Answer: A
Explanation:
The TPM is a chip that's part of your computer's motherboard - if you bought an off-the-shelf PC, it's soldered onto the motherboard. If you built your own computer, you can buy one as an add-on module if your motherboard supports it. The TPM generates encryption keys, keeping part of the key to itself
NEW QUESTION # 92
Which among the following is the best example of the third step (delivery) in the cyber kill chain?
- A. An intruder's malware is triggered when a target opens a malicious email attachment.
- B. An intruder creates malware to be used as a malicious attachment to an email.
- C. An intruder sends a malicious attachment via email to a target.
- D. An intruder's malware is installed on a target's machine.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 93
Your organization has signed an agreement with a web hosting provider that requires you to take full responsibility of the maintenance of the cloud-based resources. Which of the following models covers this?
- A. Functions as a
- B. Platform as a service
- C. Software as a service
- D. service Infrastructure as a service
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 94
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ECCouncil 312-50v12 Certified Ethical Hacker exam is a valuable certification for professionals who want to demonstrate their expertise in ethical hacking. 312-50v12 exam assesses the candidate's knowledge and skills in various areas of ethical hacking, and the certification is recognized by many organizations in the cybersecurity industry. Certified Ethical Hacker Exam certification is valid for three years, and candidates must renew their certification by taking a recertification exam or earning CEUs.
ECCouncil 312-50v12 (Certified Ethical Hacker) Exam is a certification exam designed to test the knowledge and skills of individuals looking to become certified ethical hackers. 312-50v12 exam covers a wide range of topics related to ethical hacking, including network security, cryptography, web application security, and more. Certified Ethical Hacker Exam certification is recognized globally and is highly valued in the cybersecurity industry.
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