Oct 18, 2023 Reliable Study Materials for ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Exam Success For Sure
100% Latest Most updated ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Questions and Answers
NEW QUESTION # 63
What is the relationship between data and information?
- A. Information is the meaning and value assigned to a collection of data.
- B. Data is structured information.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The relationship between data and information is that information is the meaning and value assigned to a collection of data. Data is a set of facts, figures, symbols or characters that can be processed by a computer or other means. Data by itself has no inherent meaning or context. Information is data that has been processed, organized, interpreted or presented in a way that makes it useful or meaningful for a specific purpose or audience. Information can be used to convey knowledge, support decision making or communicate messages. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines data as "representation of facts, concepts or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or by automatic means" (see clause 3.12) and information as "meaningful data" (see clause 3.25). Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Data and Information?
NEW QUESTION # 64
Changes on project-managed applications or database should undergo the change control process as documented.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
Changes on project-managed applications or database should undergo the change control process as documented, because this is a requirement of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 12.1.2, which states that "the organization shall define and apply a change management process for changes to systems and applications within the scope of the information security management system". The change management process should ensure that changes are recorded, assessed, authorized, prioritized, planned, tested, implemented, documented and reviewed in a controlled manner. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], [ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements]
NEW QUESTION # 65
Which three of the following options are an advantage of using a sampling plan for the audit?
- A. Gives confidence in the audit results
- B. Misses key issues
- C. Use of the plan for consecutive audits
- D. Provides a suitable understanding of the ISMS
- E. Overrules the auditor's instincts
- F. Implements the audit plan efficiently
Answer: A,D,F
Explanation:
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, a sampling plan is a method for selecting a representative subset of the audit evidence from a defined population1. A sampling plan can have several advantages for the audit, such as providing a suitable understanding of the ISMS by covering its key processes, activities, and controls; implementing the audit plan efficiently by optimizing the use of time and resources; and giving confidence in the audit results by ensuring that the sample is sufficient, reliable, and unbiased1. Therefore, these three options are examples of advantages of using a sampling plan for the audit. The other options are not advantages, but rather disadvantages or risks of using a sampling plan. For example, overruling the auditor's instincts may lead to missing important evidence or issues that are not covered by the sampling plan; using the same plan for consecutive audits may reduce the effectiveness and validity of the audit results; and missing key issues may result from an inadequate or inappropriate sampling plan1. Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
NEW QUESTION # 66
Who is responsible for Initial asset allocation to the user/custodian of the assets?
- A. Asset Stakeholder
- B. Asset Practitioner
- C. Asset Owner
- D. Asset Manager
Answer: C
Explanation:
The asset owner is responsible for initial asset allocation to the user or custodian of the assets. The asset owner is a person or entity that has been assigned the responsibility for managing and protecting the asset throughout its lifecycle. The asset owner should ensure that the user or custodian of the assets has the appropriate authorization, competence and awareness to use or handle the assets securely. The asset owner should also monitor and review the use or custody of the assets and update or revoke the allocation as needed. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to assign owners to all assets within the scope of the information security management system (see clause A.8.1.2). Reference: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is an Asset Owner?
NEW QUESTION # 67
Why do we need to test a disaster recovery plan regularly, and keep it up to date?
- A. Otherwise the measures taken and the incident procedures planned may not be adequate
- B. Otherwise remotely stored backups may no longer be available to the security team
- C. Otherwise it is no longer up to date with the registration of daily occurring faults
Answer: A
Explanation:
Testing a disaster recovery plan regularly and keeping it up to date is essential to ensure that the measures taken and the incident procedures planned are adequate and effective in the event of a disaster6. A disaster recovery plan is a documented set of actions and arrangements to enable an organization to respond to a disaster affecting its information assets and resume its critical activities within a defined time frame7. However, a disaster recovery plan may become obsolete or ineffective due to changes in the organization's environment, operations, risks, or resources. Therefore, testing the plan periodically and updating it accordingly is necessary to verify its validity, feasibility, completeness, and accuracy6. Reference: ISO/IEC 27031:2011, clauses 7.4 and 8.3; ISO/IEC 27000:2022, clause 3.11.
NEW QUESTION # 68
Which is not a requirement of HR prior to hiring?
- A. Applicant must complete pre-employment documentation requirements
- B. Undergo background verification
- C. Must successfully pass Background Investigation
- D. Must undergo Awareness training on information security.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 69
Which two activities align with the "Check'' stage of the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle when applied to the process of managing an internal audit program as described in ISO 19011?
- A. Review trends in internal audit result
- B. Retains records of internal audits
- C. Update the internal audit programme
- D. Define audit criteria and scope for each internal audit
- E. Establish a risk-based internal audit programme
- F. Conduct internal audits
- G. Verify effectiveness of the internal audit programme
Answer: A,G
Explanation:
The Check stage of the PDCA cycle involves monitoring and measuring the performance of the process and comparing it with the planned objectives and criteria. In the context of managing an internal audit programme, this stage includes verifying the effectiveness of the internal audit programme by evaluating whether it meets its objectives, scope, and criteria, and whether it is implemented in accordance with ISO 19011 guidelines1. It also includes reviewing the trends in internal audit results by analyzing the data collected from the audits, such as audit findings, nonconformities, corrective actions, opportunities for improvement, and customer feedback1. Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
NEW QUESTION # 70
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the value of data for an organisation?
- A. The importance of data for processes
- B. The content of data
- C. The correctness of data
- D. The indispensability of data
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 71
You are the lead auditor of the courier company SpeeDelivery. You have carried out a risk analysis and now want to determine your risk strategy. You decide to take measures for the large risks but not for the small risks.
What is this risk strategy called?
- A. Risk skipping
- B. Risk neutral
- C. Risk avoidance
- D. Risk bearing
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 72
CMM stands for?
- A. Capable Mature Model
- B. Capability Maturity Model
- C. Capacity Maturity Matrix
- D. Capability Maturity Matrix
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 73
Which is the glue that ties the triad together
- A. Collaboration
- B. Technology
- C. People
- D. Process
Answer: B
Explanation:
The triad refers to the three elements of information security: confidentiality, integrity and availability3. Technology is the glue that ties the triad together, as it provides the means to implement various controls and measures to protect information from unauthorized access, modification or loss3. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course - BSI
NEW QUESTION # 74
As a new member of the IT department you have noticed that confidential information has been leaked several times. This may damage the reputation of the company. You have been asked to propose an organisational measure to protect laptop computers. What is the first step in a structured approach to come up with this measure?
- A. Encrypt all sensitive information
- B. Set up an access control procedure
- C. Formulate a policy
- D. Appoint security staff
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 75
The following are purposes of Information Security, except:
- A. Maximize Return on Investment
- B. Ensure Business Continuity
- C. Increase Business Assets
- D. Minimize Business Risk
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 76
A property of Information that has the ability to prove occurrence of a claimed event.
- A. Availability
- B. Integrity
- C. Electronic chain letters
- D. Accessibility
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 77
The computer room is protected by a pass reader. Only the System Management department has a pass.
What type of security measure is this?
- A. a repressive security measure
- B. a logical security measure
- C. a corrective security measure
- D. a physical security measure
Answer: D
Explanation:
A physical security measure is a measure that protects information and information processing facilities from physical threats and hazards, such as fire, flood, earthquake, theft, vandalism, etc. Physical security measures include locks, alarms, fences, cameras, fire extinguishers, ventilation systems, etc. The computer room is protected by a pass reader that only allows authorized personnel from the System Management department to access it. This is an example of a physical security measure, because it prevents unauthorized physical access to the computer room and its contents. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to implement physical and environmental security controls to prevent unauthorized physical access, damage and interference to the organization's information and information processing facilities (see clause A.11). Reference: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Physical Security?
NEW QUESTION # 78
You have a hard copy of a customer design document that you want to dispose off. What would you do
- A. Throw it in any dustbin
- B. Be environment friendly and reuse it for writing
- C. Shred it using a shredder
- D. Give it to the office boy to reuse it for other purposes
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 79
As the ISMS audit team leader, you are conducting a second-party audit of an international logistics company on behalf of an online retailer. During the audit, one of your team members reports a nonconformity relating to control 5.18 (Access rights) of Appendix A of ISO/IEC 27001:2022. She found evidence that removing the server access protocols of 20 people who left in the last 3 months took up to 1 week whereas the policy required removing access within 24 hours of their departure.
Complete the sentence with the best word(s), dick on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 80
A planning process that introduced the concept of planning as a cycle that forms the basis for continuous improvement is called:
- A. plan, do, check, act.
- B. RACI Matrix
- C. time based planning.
- D. planning for continuous improvement.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 81
A couple of years ago you started your company which has now grown from 1 to 20 employees. Your company's information is worth more and more and gone are the days when you could keep control yourself. You are aware that you have to take measures, but what should they be? You hire a consultant who advises you to start with a qualitative risk analysis.
What is a qualitative risk analysis?
- A. This analysis follows a precise statistical probability calculation in order to calculate exact loss caused by damage.
- B. This analysis is based on scenarios and situations and produces a subjective view of the possible threats.
Answer: B
Explanation:
A qualitative risk analysis is an analysis that is based on scenarios and situations and produces a subjective view of the possible threats. A qualitative risk analysis does not use precise statistical probability calculations or exact loss estimates, but rather relies on the experience, intuition and judgement of the risk analysts and stakeholders. A qualitative risk analysis can use descriptive scales, such as high, medium or low, to rank the likelihood and impact of risks. A qualitative risk analysis can be useful for identifying and prioritizing risks, especially when there is limited data or time available. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines qualitative risk analysis as "risk analysis that uses scenarios based on events and situations" (see clause 3.35). Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Qualitative Risk Analysis?
NEW QUESTION # 82
What is the worst possible action that an employee may receive for sharing his or her password or access with others?
- A. Three days suspension from work
- B. Termination
- C. Forced roll off from the project
- D. The lowest rating on his or her performance assessment
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 83
You are an ISMS auditor conducting a third-party surveillance audit of a telecom's provider. You are in the equipment staging room where network switches are pre-programmed before being despatched to clients. You note that recently there has been a significant increase in the number of switches failing their initial configuration test and being returned for reprogramming.
You ask the Chief Tester why and she says, 'It's a result of the recent ISMS upgrade'. Before the upgrade each technician had their own hard copy work instructions. Now, the eight members of my team have to share two laptops to access the clients' configuration instructions online. These delays put pressure on the technicians, resulting in more mistakes being made'.
Based solely on the information above, which clause of ISO to raise a nonconformity against' Select one.
- A. Clause 7.2 - Competence
- B. Clause 7.3 - Awareness
- C. Clause 7.4 - Communication
- D. Clause 10.2 - Nonconformity and corrective action
- E. Clause 7.5 - Documented information
- F. Clause 8.1 - Operational planning and control
Answer: F
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), clause 8.1 requires an organization to plan, implement and control its processes needed to meet ISMS requirements2. This includes determining what needs to be done, how it will be done, who will do it, when it will be done, what resources are required, how performance will be evaluated, etc2. Therefore, if an ISMS auditor conducting a third-party surveillance audit of a telecom's provider notes that there has been a significant increase in the number of switches failing their initial configuration test and being returned for reprogramming due to a recent ISMS upgrade that reduced access to work instructions, this indicates a nonconformity against clause 8.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022. The organization has failed to plan and control its operational processes effectively to ensure information security and quality2. The other options are not correct clauses to raise a nonconformity against based solely on this information. For example, clause 7.5 deals with documented information required by ISMS or determined by an organization as necessary for its effectiveness2, but it does not specify how many copies or formats of work instructions should be available; clause 10.2 deals with nonconformity and corrective action as a response to an identified problem or incident2, but it does not address how to prevent or avoid such problems or incidents in operational processes; clause 7.3 deals with awareness of ISMS policy, objectives, roles and responsibilities among persons doing work under an organization's control2, but it does not relate to how work instructions are accessed or followed; clause 7.2 deals with competence of persons doing work under an organization's control that affects its ISMS performance2, but it does not imply that lack of competence is caused by insufficient work instructions; clause 7.4 deals with communication about ISMS among internal and external interested parties2, but it does not cover how operational information is communicated within an organization. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 84
You are carrying out your first third-party ISMS surveillance audit as an Audit Team Leader. You are presently in the auditee's data centre with another member of your audit team.
Your colleague seems unsure as to the difference between an information security event and an information security incident. You attempt to explain the difference by providing examples.
Which three of the following scenarios can be defined as information security incidents?
- A. The organisation receives a phishing email
- B. The organisation's marketing data is copied by hackers and sold to a competitor
- C. An employee fails to clear their desk at the end of their shift
- D. A hard drive is used after its recommended replacement date
- E. The organisation fails a third-party penetration test
- F. An unhappy employee changes payroll records without permission
- G. A contractor who has not been paid deletes top management ICT accounts
- H. The organisation's malware protection software prevents a virus
Answer: B,F,G
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27000:2018, which provides an overview and vocabulary of information security management systems, an information security event is an identified occurrence of a system, service or network state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, or a previously unknown situation that may be security relevant1. An information security incident is a single or a series of unwanted or unexpected information security events that have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security1. Therefore, based on this definition, three examples of information security incidents are:
A contractor who has not been paid deletes top management ICT accounts: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in loss of access, data, or functionality for the top management.
An unhappy employee changes payroll records without permission: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in financial fraud, legal liability, or reputational damage for the organization.
The organisation's marketing data is copied by hackers and sold to a competitor: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in loss of confidentiality, competitive advantage, or customer trust for the organization.
The other options are not examples of information security incidents, but rather information security events that may or may not lead to incidents depending on their impact and severity. For example:
The organisation's malware protection software prevents a virus: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it is prevented by the malware protection software.
A hard drive is used after its recommended replacement date: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless it fails or causes other problems.
The organisation receives a phishing email: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a network state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless it is opened or responded to by the recipient.
An employee fails to clear their desk at the end of their shift: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a service state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless the desk contains sensitive or confidential information that is accessed by unauthorized persons.
The organisation fails a third-party penetration test: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless the penetration test reveals serious vulnerabilities that are exploited by malicious actors.
NEW QUESTION # 85
Which of the following is an information security management system standard published by the International Organization for Standardization?
- A. ISO9008
- B. ISO5501
- C. ISO22301
- D. ISO27001
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 86
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